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Chapter 3 Β· Reproductive Health

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#1 SUB

Question

What do you think is the significance of "reproductive health" in a society ?

Answer

Reproductive health refers to a healthy reproductive organs with normal functions. It also, includes physical, emotional, behavioural and social aspects of reproduction.
1. It helps in preventing various sexually transmitted disease, AIDs etc.
#2 SUB 2M

Question

Suggest the aspects of "reproductive health" which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.

Answer

The aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario are:
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#1 SUB

Question

Creating awareness among masses about hygienic sexual practices, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD), available contraceptive methods, case of pregnant mothers, adolescence, etc.

Answer

Gonorrhoea
#2 SUB

Question

Providing medical assistance and care to people in reproduction related problems like pregnancy, delivery, STDs, abortions, contraception, menstrual problems, infertility, etc.

Answer

Syphilis
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#1 SUB 2M

Question

Mention in brief about amniocentesis.

Answer

It is carried out by testing a sample of the amniotic fluid from the uterus of pregnant women.
1. Amniocentesis is a test on the foetus carried out during pregnancy to check for and to detect chromosomal abnormalities like Down's syndrome, haemophilia, sickle cell anemia and other defects or disorders in the foetus.
2. It can also be used for sex determination. MTP is legalised because of increasing female foeticides.
#2 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?

Answer

Yes, sex education is necessary in schools to provide right information to youth. So as to discourage children from believing in myths and having misconceptions about sex related information.
Proper information about reproductive organs, adolescence and related changes, safe and hygienic sexual practices, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), AIDS, etc., would help them to lead a reproductively healthy life.
#3 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.

Answer

Yes, the reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years. The areas of improvement are:
(i) Better awareness about sex related matters.
(ii) Increased number of medically assisted deliveries and better post-natal care leading to decreased Maternal and Infant Mortality Rates.
(iii) Increased number of couples with small families.
(iv) Better detection and cure of STDs and overall increased medical facilities for all sex-related problems.
(v) Due to awareness about vaccination, the Infant Mortality Rate is also decreased.
#4 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.

Answer

Yes, the ban is necessary. Because
Nowdays it (amniocentesis) is being used for sex determination.
In our country it is being misused to detect the sex of the child before birth and then aborting if it is a female (female foeticide).
This causes imbalance in the male and female ratio.
#5 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Mention the reasons for population explosion ?

Answer

The suggested reasons for population explosion are:
1. Rapid decline in death rate.
2. Decline in maternal and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
3. Increase in number of people in reproductive age and reproductive health.
4. Control on disease & good medical practices.
5. Increased health facilities, better living conditions.
#6 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.

Answer

Yes, the use of contraceptives is justified because of following reasons:
1. They help in controlling the rapid growth of human population.
2. They do not interfere with the sexual desire or act.
3. They are also helpful in preventing unwanted pregnancies and controlling STIs.
4. They do not have any side effects.
#7 SUB

Question

Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?

Answer

Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option because it will lead to permanent infertility.
Also, it will stop the secretion of various important hormones necessary for the body.
Other contraceptives can be used instead of removal of gonads.
Only such contraceptives can be used which can prevent fertilization instead of permanent infertility.
#8 SUB 3M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Write a note on barrier method.
OR
Write a note on the barrier method of family planning.
OR
Describe contraceptive method which prevents physical meeting of ovum and sperms.

Answer

Barrier Method contraceptive.
In barrier methods, ovum and sperms are prevented from physically meeting with the help of barriers. Such methods are available for both males and females.

(i) Condoms :

(1) Condoms are barriers made of thin rubber/ latex sheath.

(2) These are used to cover the penis of the male or vagina and cervix in the female, just before coitus so that, the ejaculated semen would not enter into the female reproductive tract.

(3) This (can) prevents conception.

(4) Use of condoms has increased in recent years due to its additional benefit of protecting the user from contracting STIs and AIDs.

(5) 'Nirodh' is a popular brand of condom for the male.

(ii) Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults :

They are made of rubber.
Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults are also barriers, made of rubber that are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus.
They prevent conception by blocking the entry of sperms through the cervix.
Diaphragms can be of various shapes such as dome or cone shape.
They are reusable.
Chemical method :
  • Spermicidal creams, jellies and foams are usually used along with these barriers to increase their contraceptive efficiency.
  • It kills the sperms by inhibiting oxygen carrying capacity of sperms.
#9 SUB 2M

Question

List any four characteristics of an ideal contraceptive.

Answer

An ideal contraceptive should be
(i) User-friendly
(ii) Easily available
(iii) Effective and reversible with no or least side-effects.
(iv) It also should in no way interfere with the sexual drive, desire and/or the sexual act of the user.
Contraceptive methods are presently available into the following categories :

(1) Natural / Traditional (2) Barrier

(3) IUDs (4) Oral contraceptives

(5) Injectables (6) Implants

(7) Surgical methods

#10 SUB 2M

Question

Explain the use of contraceptive method which is widely accepted in India.
OR
Explain Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs)

Answer

Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs) :
Effective and popular method of contraception in India.
These devices are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through vagina. These are:

(i) Non-medicated : These Intra Uterine Devices are presently available as the non-medicated IUDs (e.g. Lippes loop).

(ii) Copper releasing IUDs : Copper releasing IUDs such as CuT, Cu 7, multiload 375 is used. IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperm.

(iii) Hormone releasing IUDs : hormone releasing IUDs such as progestasert, LNG-20 which make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms.

(IUDs are ideal contraceptives for the females who want to delay pregnancy or space children.)
#11 SUB 2M

Question

Explain the types of natural birth control methods.
OR
Explain any two natural birth control methods for population control.(JUNE 2024)

Answer

Natural/Traditional Methods (Calendar Method)
Natural methods work on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting.
(a) Periodic abstinence :
Periodic abstinence is one such method in which the couples avoid or abstain from coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle when ovulation could be expected.
As chances of fertilization are very high during this period, it is called the fertile period.
Therefore, by abstaining from coitus during this period, conception could be prevented.
(b) Withdrawal or coitus interruptus :
Withdrawal or coitus interruptus is another method in which the male partner withdraws his penis from the vagina just before ejaculation so as to avoid insemination.
(c) Lactational amenorrhea :
Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) method is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore, the cycle do not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.
Therefore, as long as the mother breast-feeds the child, chances of conception are almost nil.
As no medicines or devices are used in these methods, side effects are almost nil. Chances of failure, though, of this method are also high.
#12 SUB 2M πŸ–Ό 2

Question

Describe the contraceptive technique which are highly effective but have very poor reversibility.
OR
Explain : Surgical Methods / Sterilization.
OR
Explain Vasectomy and tubectomy with diagram.

Answer

Surgical Method of sterilisation :
Surgical methods, also called sterilisation, are generally advised for the male/female partner as a terminal method to prevent any more pregnancies.
Surgical intervention blocks gamete transport and thereby prevent conception.
(1) Vasectomy :
Sterilisation procedure in the male is called β€˜vasectomy’.
A small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum.
(2) Tubectomy :
Sterilisation procedure in female, is called tubectomy.
A small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.
These techniques are highly effective but their reversibility is very poor.
#13 SUB β–¦ 1

Question

Give differences : Tubectomy and Vasectomy.

Answer

Tubectomy

Vasectomy

1.

Sterilization process in female is called tubectomy.

1.

Sterilization Process in male is called vasectomy.

2.

A small part of fallopian tube is tied up or removed through a small incision in abdomen or through vagina.

2.

A small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum.

3.

It prevents transportation

of ovum.

3.

It prevents transportation of sperm.
#14 SN 3M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Write about pills and explain How it is useful as a contraceptive?
OR
Write a short note on Contraceptive Pills.

Answer

Pills :
Oral administration of small doses of either progesterones or progesterone-estrogen combinations.
They are used in the form of tablets and hence are popularly called Contraceptive pills.
They inhibit ovulation and implantation as well as alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/ retard the entry of sperms.
Pills are very effective with lesser side effects and are well accepted by the females readily.
Saheli :
  • The new oral contraceptive for the females contains a non-steroidal preparation.
  • It is a β€˜once a week’ pill with very few side effects and high contraceptive value.
#15 SUB 3M

Question

Write in Short about Medical Termination of Pregnancy.
OR
When MTP is essential ?(MARCH 2024)

Answer

Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion.
Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse.
MTPs are also essential in certain cases such as :
The pregnancy could be harmful or even fatal either to the mother or to the foetus or both.
When there is a risk of physical or mental abnormality to foetus.
If pregnancy is a result of rape.
To get rid of unwanted pregnancies either due to casual unprotected intercourse or failure of the contraceptive.
MTP is only performed by qualified Doctors.
MTPs are considered relatively safe up to the 12 weeks.
#16 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

State True/False with explanation :
(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a (viable) offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner (True/False)
(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)

Answer

True : Due to some internal factors abortions could happen spontaneously too.
Ans. False : Infertility is defined as the inability of the couple to produce baby even after unprotected sexual intercourse and it might occur due to abnormalities/ defects in either male or female or both.
Ans. True : (till six months after parturition).
Ans. True : Creating awareness about sex related aspects provides necessary information about reproductive health.
#17 SUB 3M

Question

Write a Note on : STIs
OR
How STIs cause problems in future?

Answer

Diseases or infections which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) or venereal diseases (VDs) or reproductive tract infections (RTIs).
Infected females carriers may often be asymptomatic and hence, may remain undetected for long.
Absence or less significant symptoms in the early stages of infection and the social stigma attached to the STDs, deter the infected persons from going for timely detection and proper treatment.
This could lead to complications later, which include :
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • Abortions
  • Still birth
  • Ectopic pregnancies
  • Infertility
  • Cancer of the reproductive tract.
#18 SUB 2M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

How to Prevent STIs?
OR
What are the measures one has to take to prevent from STIs?
OR
What is sexually transmitted infection ? Give simple principles to control it. (MARCH 2024)

Answer

One could be free of these infections by following the simple principles given below :
(i) Avoid sex with unknown partners/multiple partners.
(ii) Always use condoms during coitus.
(iii) In case of doubt, one should go to a qualified doctor for early detection and get complete treatment if diagnosed with disease.
#19 SUB 2M

Question

What are STIs ? Give the name of diseases and their pathogens.

Answer

Infections or diseases which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called STIs.

Disease

Pathogen

Type of pathogen

1. Gonorrhoea

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Bacteria

2. Syphilis

Treponema pallidum

Bacteria

3. Chlamydiasis

Chlamydia trachomatis

Bacteria

4. Genital herpes

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Virus

5. Genital warts

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

Virus

6. Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis

Protozoan

7. Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus

Virus

8. AIDS

Human Immuno deficiency Virus

Virus
#20 SUB πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Correct the following statements.
(a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.
(b) All Sexually Transmitted Diseases are completely curable.
(c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.
(d) In E.T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.

Answer

Surgical methods of contraception prevent the flow of gamete during intercourse.
Ans. All Sexually Transmitted Diseases are not completely curable.
Ans. Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the urban women.
Ans. In E.T. technique, 8 celled embryos are transferred into the fallopian tube while more than 8 celled embryos are transferred into the uterus.
#21 SUB 2M

Question

Give differences between : ZIFT and GIFT

Answer

Ans. Differences :

ZIFT

GIFT

1. The embryo having 8 blastomere is transfered to fallopian tube rather than uterus.

1. The fertilization occurs within the female body (In vivo).

2. The fertilization of ovum and sperm is done by doctors in the laboratory (In vitro).

2. Ovum which is collected from donor is transferred to fallopian tube of female.
#22 SUB 2M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
OR
Describe Assisted Reproductive Technique (ART) for infertility.
OR
Explain 'GIFT' and 'ZIFT' in assisted reproductive techniques.

Answer

The infective couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques commonly known as assisted reproductive techniques.
(i) In Vitro Fertilisation :
Fertilization outside the body is done (in lab), almost similar conditions (as that in the body) followed by embryo transfer (ET) into the uterus of female.
In this method popularly known as test tube baby programme, ova from the wife/donor (female) and sperm from the husband/donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory.

(a) ZIFT - Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer :

  • The zygote or early embryo (with upto 8 blastomeres) could (then) be transferred into the fallopian tube (ZIFT-Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer)

(b) IUT - Intra Uterine Transfer :

  • Embryo with more than 8 blastomeres, transfers into the uterus (IUT-Intra Uterine Transfer), to complete its further development.

(c) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) :

  • Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is another specialised procedure to form an embryo in the laboratory in which a sperm is directly injected into the ovum.
(ii) In Vivo Fertilization
GIFT and AI both are included in (In vivo Fertilization).

(a) GIFT - Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer :

  • Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT - Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer) of another female who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilization and further development is another attempted method (Surrogacy).

(b) AI :

  • Infertility cases either due to inability of the male partner to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculates, could be corrected by artificial insemination (Al) technique.
  • In this technique, the semen collected either from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into the uterus (IUI intra-uterine insemination) of the female.
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#1 MCQ 1M

Question

The method of directly injecting a sperm into ovum is Assisted Reproductive Technology is called :

Options

  1. (A) GIFT
  2. (B) ZIFT
  3. (C) ICSI
  4. (D) ET

Answer

(C) ICSI

#2 MCQ 1M

Question

Increased IMR and decreased MMR in population will :

Options

  1. (A) Cause rapid increase in growth rate
  2. (B) Result in decline in growth rate
  3. (C) Not cause significant change in growth rate
  4. (D) Result in an explosion population

Answer

(B) Result in decline in growth rate

#3 MCQ 1M

Question

Intensely lactating mothers do not generally conceive due to the :

Options

  1. (A) Suppression of gonadotropins
  2. (B) Hyper secretion of gonadotropins
  3. (C) Suppression of gametic transport
  4. (D) Suppression of fertilization

Answer

(A) Suppression of gonadotropins

#4 MCQ 1M

Question

Sterilisation techniques are generally foolproof methods of contraception with least side effects. Yet, this is the last option for the couples because :
(i) It is almost irreversible.
(ii) Of the misconception that it will reduce sexual urge.
(iii) It is a surgical procedure.
(iv) Of lack of sufficient facilities in many parts of the country.

Answer

(D)

#5 MCQ 1M

Question

A national level approach to build up a reproductively healthy society was taken up by our country in :

Options

  1. (A) 1950s
  2. (B) 1960s
  3. (C) 1980s
  4. (D) 1990s

Answer

(A) 1950s

#6 MCQ 1M

Question

Emergency contraceptives are effective if used within :

Options

  1. (A) 72 hrs of coitus
  2. (B) 72 hrs of ovulation
  3. (C) 72 hrs of menstruation
  4. (D) 72 hrs of implantation

Answer

(A) 72 hrs of coitus

#7 MCQ 1M

Question

Choose the right one among the statements given below:

Options

  1. (A) IUDs are generally inserted by the user herself.
  2. (B) IUDs increase phagocytosis reaction in the uterus.
  3. (C) IUDs suppress gametogenesis.
  4. (D) IUDs once inserted need not be replaced.

Answer

(B) IUDs increase phagocytosis reaction in the uterus.

#8 MCQ 1M

Question

From the Sexually Transmitted Diseases mentioned below, identify the one which does not specifically affect the sex organs :

Options

  1. (A) Syphilis
  2. (B) AIDS
  3. (C) Gonorrhea
  4. (D) Genital warts

Answer

(B) AIDS

#9 MCQ 1M

Question

Condoms are one of the most popular contraceptives because of the following reasons:

Options

  1. (A) These are effective barriers for insemination.
  2. (B) They do not interfere with coital act.
  3. (C) These help in reducing the risk of STDs
  4. (D) All of the above

Answer

(D) All of the above

#10 MCQ 1M

Question

Choose the correct statement regarding the ZIFT procedure :

Options

  1. (A) Ova collected from a female donor are transferred to the fallopian tube to facilitate zygote formation.
  2. (B) Zygote is collected from a female donor and transferred to the fallopian tube.
  3. (C) Zygote is collected from a female donor and transferred to the uterus.
  4. (D) Ova collected from a female donor and transferrerd to the uterus.

Answer

(B) Zygote is collected from a female donor and transferred to the fallopian tube.

#11 MCQ 1M

Question

The correct surgical procedure as a contraceptive method is :

Options

  1. (A) Ovariectomy
  2. (B) Hysterectomy
  3. (C) Vasectomy
  4. (D) Castration

Answer

(C) Vasectomy

#12 MCQ 1M

Question

Diaphragms are contraceptive devices used by the females. Choose the correct option from the statements given below:
i. They are introduced into the uterus.
ii. They are placed to cover the cervical region.
iii. They act as physical barriers for sperm entry.
iv. They act as spermicidal agents.

Options

  1. (A) i and ii
  2. (B) i and iii
  3. (C) ii and iii
  4. (D) iii and iv

Answer

(C) ii and iii

#13 MCQ 1M

Question

Choose the incorrect Statement.

Options

  1. (A) ICSI - Sperm directly injected into ovum.
  2. (B) GIFT - Embryo with more than 8 blastomeres transferred into fallopian tube.
  3. (C) IVF - In vitro Fertilization outside the body.
  4. (D) ZIFT - Embryo upto 8 blastomeres is transferred into fallopian tube.

Answer

(B) GIFT - Embryo with more than 8 blastomeres transferred into fallopian tube.

#14 MCQ 1M

Question

Which procedure is used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities?

Options

  1. (A) AFT
  2. (B) ART
  3. (C) IVF
  4. (D) ZIFT

Answer

(A) AFT

#15 MCQ 1M

Question

Which method is used to detect the gender of the foetus?

Options

  1. (A) ART
  2. (B) IVF
  3. (C) AFT
  4. (D) GIFT

Answer

(C) AFT

#16 MCQ 1M

Question

Which method is mismatched ART?

Options

  1. (A) IVF
  2. (B) AFT
  3. (C) ZIFT
  4. (D) GIFT

Answer

(B) AFT

#17 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the meaning of infertility?

Options

  1. (A) Unable to produce sperms
  2. (B) Unable to produce ova
  3. (C) Unable to produce children
  4. (D) Unable for coitus

Answer

(C) Unable to produce children

#18 MCQ 1M

Question

Full form to of GIFT is

Options

  1. (A) Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer
  2. (B) Gamete Infertile Transfer
  3. (C) Gamete In vitro Fertilization Tube
  4. (D) Gamete Intra Fallopian Tube

Answer

(A) Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer

#19 MCQ 1M

Question

Where is the IVF method useful?

Options

  1. (A) Woman's fallopian tubes are blocked
  2. (B) Man produces very few sperm
  3. (C) Woman produces very few ova
  4. (D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer

(D) Both (A) and (B)

#20 MCQ 1M

Question

In which Assisted Reproductive Technology the very young embryo is transferred to the woman?

Options

  1. (A) IVF
  2. (B) ZIFT
  3. (C) GIFT
  4. (D) ART

Answer

(A) IVF

#21 MCQ 1M

Question

What is reproductive health with reference to WHO?

Options

  1. (A) A total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, behavioural and social.
  2. (B) A reference of reproduction aspects of physical and maintenance of emotional aspects.
  3. (C) Maintenance of mental and social aspects in reference to reproduction.
  4. (D) Maintenance of effects of behaviour and emotions in reference of reproduction.

Answer

(A) A total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, behavioural and social.

#22 MCQ 1M

Question

India was the first country in the world to kick off action plans and programmes at
a national level of reproductive health. How?

Options

  1. (A) With all acceptance, according to social aspects, legally improved.
  2. (B) With all acceptance, according to individual voluntary improved.
  3. (C) Partially, according to individual target voluntary improve.
  4. (D) Partially, according to social target, legally improved.

Answer

(A) With all acceptance, according to social aspects, legally improved.

#23 MCQ 1M

Question

In adolescence which are the changes that occur in youth?

Options

  1. (A) Neurochemical
  2. (B) Mental
  3. (C) Physical
  4. (D) Neurochemical, mental and physical changes

Answer

(D) Neurochemical, mental and physical changes

#24 MCQ 1M

Question

By which name is the program of population control popular?

Options

  1. (A) Child health care
  2. (B) Reproductive
  3. (C) Family planning programme
  4. (D) Sterilization

Answer

(C) Family planning programme

#25 MCQ 1M

Question

In which year did India start Family Planning Programme?

Options

  1. (A) 1951
  2. (B) 1952
  3. (C) 1953
  4. (D) 1954

Answer

(A) 1951

#26 MCQ 1M

Question

β€˜Saheli’ - a new oral contraceptive for the females-was developed by scientists at

Options

  1. (A) Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow
  2. (B) Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Patna
  3. (C) Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Delhi
  4. (D) Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Ahmedabad

Answer

(A) Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow

#27 MCQ 1M

Question

Due to population explosion, which issues are arising in developing countries?

Options

  1. (A) Lack of resources
  2. (B) Increase in poverty
  3. (C) Malnutrition
  4. (D) Economically, socially as well as issues like reduction in available resources, increased poverty and malnutrition.

Answer

(D) Economically, socially as well as issues like reduction in available resources, increased poverty and malnutrition.

#28 MCQ 1M

Question

RCH Stands for

Options

  1. (A) Reproductive and child health care programme
  2. (B) Research center for Human Contraceptive
  3. (C) Reproduction and child health care Programme
  4. (D) Regeneration and child health care programme

Answer

(A) Reproductive and child health care programme

#29 MCQ 1M

Question

Saheli, a female antifertility pill, is used

Options

  1. (A) Daily
  2. (B) Weekly
  3. (C) Quarterly
  4. (D) Monthly

Answer

(B) Weekly

#30 MCQ 1M

Question

By using which of the following methods, You will detect pre-natal genetic defect?

Options

  1. (A) Amniocentesis
  2. (B) CT Scan
  3. (C) Sonography
  4. (D) MRI

Answer

(A) Amniocentesis

#31 MCQ 1M

Question

What is Amniocentesis ?

Options

  1. (A) Examining of blastomeres
  2. (B) Examining Blastocoel
  3. (C) Examining of amniotic fluid around embryo
  4. (D) Examining of nucleus of blastomeres

Answer

(C) Examining of amniotic fluid around embryo

#32 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following can't be detected by Amniocentesis ?

Options

  1. (A) Cystic fibrosis
  2. (B) Sex of unborn child
  3. (C) Typhoid
  4. (D) Colour blindness.

Answer

(C) Typhoid

#33 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following technique is being misused for detection of sex of unborn baby?

Options

  1. (A) CT Scan
  2. (B) Amniocentesis
  3. (C) MRI
  4. (D) Genetic Engineering

Answer

(B) Amniocentesis

#34 MCQ 1M

Question

Amniocentesis is used for determining

Options

  1. (A) Heart disease
  2. (B) Brain disease
  3. (C) Hereditary disease of the embryo
  4. (D) All of the above

Answer

(C) Hereditary disease of the embryo

#35 MCQ 1M

Question

According to WHO, reproductive health means total well-being in all aspects of reproduction like

Options

  1. (A) Physical, emotional, behavioral, social
  2. (B) Physical, mental, health, sexual habits, healthy body
  3. (C) Physical, mental, behavioral, development of sexual organs
  4. (D) Physical, mental, emotional, social

Answer

(A) Physical, emotional, behavioral, social

#36 MCQ 1M

Question

What are the programs to get total reproductive health as a social goal of the national level called?

Options

  1. (A) Family care
  2. (B) Family planning
  3. (C) Family organization
  4. (D) Reproductive care

Answer

(B) Family planning

#37 MCQ 1M

Question

What percentage of the world population does the Indian population occupy?

Options

  1. (A) 2.4%
  2. (B) 3.4%
  3. (C) 4.4%
  4. (D) 5.4%

Answer

(A) 2.4%

#38 MCQ 1M

Question

Population of India after 2011 census was?

Options

  1. (A) 0.9 billion
  2. (B) 1.2 billion
  3. (C) 1.5 billion
  4. (D) 1.4 billion

Answer

(B) 1.2 billion

#39 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is not a natural family planning method?

Options

  1. (A) Periodic abstinence
  2. (B) Interruptus Coitus
  3. (C) Chemical method
  4. (D) Lactational amenorrhea

Answer

(C) Chemical method

#40 MCQ 1M

Question

Which option is correct from the following for physical barrier method?

Options

  1. (A) Condom, female Condom, Copper - T
  2. (B) Condom, Diaphragm, loop
  3. (C) Condom, female Condom, Diaphragm
  4. (D) Loop, Copper - T

Answer

(C) Condom, female Condom, Diaphragm

#41 MCQ 1M

Question

The world population which was around _______in 1900 rocketed to about _______by 2000.

Options

  1. (A) 2 billion, 4 billion
  2. (B) 4 billion, 6 billion
  3. (C) 2 billion, 6 billion
  4. (D) 4 billion, 8 billion

Answer

(C) 2 billion, 6 billion

#42 MCQ 1M

Question

Which type of chemical is chosen in chemical barrier method?

Options

  1. (A) Which induce production of sperms and have rapid locomotory capacity of sperms.
  2. (B) Which induce production of sperms, rapid locomotory capacity of sperms by the production of foam and survival of sperm by availability of O2.
  3. (C) Creams that produce foam to destroy sperms by reducing availability of O2 and killing the sperm.
  4. (D) Foam which kills and digest sperm.

Answer

(C) Creams that produce foam to destroy sperms by reducing availability of O2 and killing the sperm.

#43 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the full form of IUDs?

Options

  1. (A) Intra Uterine Dividing Syndrome
  2. (B) Internal Ureters Dividing Samples
  3. (C) Intra Uterine Devices
  4. (D) Intra Uretin e Devices

Answer

(C) Intra Uterine Devices

#44 MCQ 1M

Question

Which hormones are useful for hormonal method which have combined effect as oral pill which is useful for contraceptives?

Options

  1. (A) GTH, LH
  2. (B) GTH, Estrogen
  3. (C) Estrogen, progesterone
  4. (D) LH, progesterone

Answer

(B) GTH, Estrogen

#45 MCQ 1M

Question

Hormone releasing devices, lippes loop, metal ion releasing device, copper - T. These devices are classified in first, second and third generation devices and choose correct option for these.

Options

  1. (A) First generation IUDs = Loop, Copper - T, Second generation IUDs = metal ion releasing devices. Third generation IUDs = Hormone releasing devices
  2. (B) First generation IUDs = Loop, Second generation IUDs = Copper T, Third generation IUDs = Hormone releasing devices
  3. (C) First generation IUDs = Hormone releasing devices, Second generation devices = copper - T. Third generation IUDs - Loop.
  4. (D) First generation IUDs = Loop, Second generation IUDs - Hormone releasing devices, Third = generation IUDs = Copper - T.

Answer

(B) First generation IUDs = Loop, Second generation IUDs = Copper T, Third generation IUDs = Hormone releasing devices

#46 MCQ 1M

Question

Second generation IUDs is working on which principle?

Options

  1. (A) On metal ion
  2. (B) On the acute response against fertility of free metal ion.
  3. (C) On metal fertility of free metal ion.
  4. (D) On response fertility

Answer

(B) On the acute response against fertility of free metal ion.

#47 MCQ 1M

Question

From when should contraceptive pills be taken for contraception ?

Options

  1. (A) Minus the 7 days of the menstrual cycle time.
  2. (B) Pills should be started on the 7th day of menstrual cycle
  3. (C) As soon as menstrual cycle starts
  4. (D) Take any time

Answer

(B) Pills should be started on the 7th day of menstrual cycle

#48 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the function of contraceptive pills?

Options

  1. (A) To inhibit the release of egg cell from ovary.
  2. (B) Create the inactive and mucilaginous thick layer of cervix.
  3. (C) To prevent the release of egg cell from the ovary, create the inactive and mucilage thick layer of cervix so no transport of egg cell.
  4. (D) Prevent the entry of sperm in cervix.

Answer

(C) To prevent the release of egg cell from the ovary, create the inactive and mucilage thick layer of cervix so no transport of egg cell.

#49 MCQ 1M

Question

According to Census 2001, the population growth rate was _______ .

Options

  1. (A) 1.7%
  2. (B) 2.8%
  3. (C) 8.4%
  4. (D) 5%

Answer

(A) 1.7%

#50 MCQ 1M

Question

What type of chemical pill is the saheli ?

Options

  1. (A) Non steroidal
  2. (B) Catecholamine type
  3. (C) Steroidal
  4. (D) Oxide type

Answer

(A) Non steroidal

#51 MCQ 1M

Question

What is sterilization?

Options

  1. (A) Surgery in male to avoid pregnancy.
  2. (B) Surgery in female to avoid pregnancy.
  3. (C) Surgery in male and female for pregnancy.
  4. (D) Surgery in male and female to avoid pregnancy.

Answer

(D) Surgery in male and female to avoid pregnancy.

#52 MCQ 1M

Question

In vasectomy and tubectomy, surgery of which parts can be done?

Options

  1. (A) Vas deferents and fallopian tube
  2. (B) Epididymis and fallopian tube
  3. (C) Inguinal canal and oviduct
  4. (D) Vas efferentia and oviduct

Answer

(A) Vas deferents and fallopian tube

#53 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Options

  1. (A) P – ii, Q – iv, R – i, S – iii
  2. (B) P – ii, Q – iii, R – iv, S – i
  3. (C) P – ii, Q – i, R – iv, S – iii
  4. (D) P – ii, Q – iii, R – i, S – iv

Answer

(B) P – ii, Q – iii, R – iv, S – i

#54 MCQ 1M

Question

At what time the couples should avoid coitus?

Options

  1. (A) During 7 to 10 days of the menstrual cycle
  2. (B) During 10 to 17 days of the menstrual cycle
  3. (C) During 5 to 7 days of uterine cycle.
  4. (D) During 17 to 27 days of menstrual cycle.

Answer

(B) During 10 to 17 days of the menstrual cycle

#55 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the meaning of lactational amenorrhea?

Options

  1. (A) Menstruation cycle does not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.
  2. (B) Menstruation is absent after parturition.
  3. (C) Menstrual cycle is absent during lactation.
  4. (D) Menstruation is absent during feeding baby.

Answer

(A) Menstruation cycle does not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.

#56 MCQ 1M

Question

Copper containing IUDs are placed the in uterus, copper ions are released and ______ .

Options

  1. (A) heeps uterus for embryo implantation
  2. (B) rises in the activity of sperms
  3. (C) sperm motility is reduced
  4. (D) stops the process of ovulation

Answer

(C) sperm motility is reduced

#57 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Match Column I with II and select the correct Answer :

Options

  1. (A) (P – iv) (Q - ii) (R - iii) (S - i)
  2. (B) (P – iii) (Q - iv) (R - i) (S - ii)
  3. (C) (P – ii) (Q - i) (R - iii) (S - iv)
  4. (D) (P – i) (Q - iii) (R - iv) (S - ii)

Answer

(A) (P – iv) (Q - ii) (R - iii) (S - i)

#58 MCQ 1M β–¦ 1

Question

Match according to method (p-s) and its uses (a-d) which are given below and choose the correct options for these :

Column : I

(Methods)

Column : II

(Types of uses)

P

Pills

a

Prevents the sperms to reach cervix

Q

Condom

b

Inhibit the embryo implantation

R

Vasectomy

c

Prevents the production of ova

S

Copper-T

d

No sperms are found in semen

Options

  1. (A) P – c, Q – a, R – d, S – b
  2. (B) P – d, Q – a, R – b, S – c
  3. (C) P – c, Q – d, R – a, S – b
  4. (D) P – b, Q – c, R – a, S – d

Answer

(A) P – c, Q – a, R – d, S – b

#59 MCQ 1M

Question

Which contraceptive method is most commonly used in india?

Options

  1. (A) Cap of cervix
  2. (B) Tubectomy
  3. (C) Diaphragms
  4. (D) IUDs (Intra uterine devices)

Answer

(D) IUDs (Intra uterine devices)

#60 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following contraceptive methods has poor reversibility?

Options

  1. (A) Sterilisation Method
  2. (B) IUDs
  3. (C) Natural Method
  4. (D) Chemical method

Answer

(A) Sterilisation Method

#61 MCQ 1M

Question

''Nirodh" is a popular brand of which of the following?

Options

  1. (A) Condom for female
  2. (B) Condom for male
  3. (C) IUDs
  4. (D) Cervical cap

Answer

(B) Condom for male

#62 MCQ 1M

Question

Cervical cap or vaults are barriers used in

Options

  1. (A) Male reproductive tract
  2. (B) Female reproductive tract
  3. (C) Both (A) and (B)
  4. (D) None of above

Answer

(B) Female reproductive tract

#63 MCQ 1M

Question

Legal age for marriage of male is _______ and female is _______ .

Options

  1. (A) 21, 21
  2. (B) 21, 18
  3. (C) 18, 21
  4. (D) 18, 18

Answer

(B) 21, 18

#64 MCQ 1M β–¦ 1

Question

Match Column I with II and select the Correct Answer.

Column : I

Column : II

A

Non-Medicated IUDs

i

Multiload 375

B

Hormone releasing IUDs

ii

Lippes loop

C

Copper releasing IUDs

iii

LNG 20

D

Oral Pills

iv

Saheli

Options

  1. (A) A – i, B – ii, C – iii, D – iv
  2. (B) A – ii, B – iii, C – i, D – iv
  3. (C) A – i, B – iii, C – ii, D – iv
  4. (D) A – iv, B – i, C – ii, D – iii

Answer

(B) A – ii, B – iii, C – i, D – iv

#65 MCQ 1M

Question

Mala-D and Mala-N are _______ .

Options

  1. (A) Oral daily Pills
  2. (B) Oral weekly Pills
  3. (C) Oral monthly Pills
  4. (D) IUDs

Answer

(A) Oral daily Pills

#66 MCQ 1M

Question

Implants are made with

Options

  1. (A) Progesterone only
  2. (B) Progesterone - estrogen Combination
  3. (C) Estrogen only
  4. (D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer

(D) Both (A) and (B)

#67 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is β€œonce a week” Pills?

Options

  1. (A) Mala-D
  2. (B) Mala-N
  3. (C) Saheli
  4. (D) Unwanted 72

Answer

(C) Saheli

#68 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is correct about emergency contraceptive?

Options

  1. (A) it should be used within 100 hours.
  2. (B) I-pill, unwanted 72 are emergency contraceptive
  3. (C) Failure rate of this method is nil
  4. (D) None of above

Answer

(B) I-pill, unwanted 72 are emergency contraceptive

#69 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is not a copper releasing IUDs ?

Options

  1. (A) Cu T
  2. (B) Cu 7
  3. (C) Multiload 375
  4. (D) Saheli

Answer

(D) Saheli

#70 MCQ 1M

Question

Progesteron pill prevents _____ during pregnancy.

Options

  1. (A) Implantation
  2. (B) Fertilization
  3. (C) Ovulation
  4. (D) All of the above.

Answer

(A) Implantation

#71 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is not correct about lactational amenorrhea?

Options

  1. (A) Absence of menstruation.
  2. (B) Ovulation does not occur during the period of intense lactation.
  3. (C) It is effective only up to a maximum period of two years.
  4. (D) It is effective only upto a maximum period of six months.

Answer

(C) It is effective only up to a maximum period of two years.

#72 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is not a natural birth control method?

Options

  1. (A) Rhythm method
  2. (B) Withdrawal method
  3. (C) Lactational amenorrhea method
  4. (D) Hormonal injection

Answer

(D) Hormonal injection

#73 MCQ 1M

Question

In birth control methods, which one is an intra-uterine device?

Options

  1. (A) Lippes loop
  2. (B) Saheli
  3. (C) Condom
  4. (D) Vasectomy

Answer

(A) Lippes loop

#74 MCQ 1M

Question

Saheli, the new oral contraceptive for the females, contains a _______ .

Options

  1. (A) High level of steroid
  2. (B) High level of estrogen
  3. (C) Non-steroidal preparation
  4. (D) None of the above

Answer

(C) Non-steroidal preparation

#75 MCQ 1M

Question

IUDs within _______ of coitus have been found to be very effective as emergency contraceptives as they could be used to avoid possible pregnancy due to rape or casual unprotected intercourse.

Options

  1. (A) 70 hours
  2. (B) 72 hours
  3. (C) 71 hours
  4. (D) 78 hours

Answer

(B) 72 hours

#76 MCQ 1M

Question

What do you mean by induced abortion?

Options

  1. (A) Voluntary termination of pregnancy after the foetus becomes viable.
  2. (B) Voluntary termination of pregnancy before the foetus becomes viable.
  3. (C) Foetus removed at incomplete gestation months.
  4. (D) Foetus is lost accidentally.

Answer

(B) Voluntary termination of pregnancy before the foetus becomes viable.

#77 MCQ 1M

Question

Surgical removal or cutting and ligation of the ends of oviduct is known as _______ .

Options

  1. (A) Tubectomy
  2. (B) Oviductomy
  3. (C) Vasectomy
  4. (D) Ovarioctomy

Answer

(A) Tubectomy

#78 MCQ 1M

Question

Which is the physical barrier method for family planning in females?

Options

  1. (A) Condom for male
  2. (B) Condom for female
  3. (C) Diaphragm
  4. (D) Both (B) and (C)

Answer

(D) Both (B) and (C)

#79 MCQ 1M

Question

Which one of the following is the most widely accepted method of contraception in India at present?

Options

  1. (A) IUDs
  2. (B) Cervical caps
  3. (C) Tubectomy
  4. (D) Diaphragms

Answer

(A) IUDs

#80 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following are permanent methods of family planning?

Options

  1. (A) Vasectomy, Tubectomy
  2. (B) Condom for female, condom for male
  3. (C) Copper T and pills
  4. (D) Vasectomy, copper T

Answer

(A) Vasectomy, Tubectomy

#81 MCQ 1M

Question

In Vasectomy, which part is tied and cut?

Options

  1. (A) Epididymis
  2. (B) Vas deferens
  3. (C) Ejaculatory duct
  4. (D) Urinogenital duct

Answer

(B) Vas deferens

#82 MCQ 1M

Question

Which part is removed in a tubectomy?

Options

  1. (A) Funnel of the fallopian tube
  2. (B) Ovaries
  3. (C) Fallopian tube
  4. (D) Uterus

Answer

(C) Fallopian tube

#83 MCQ 1M

Question

The MTP Act was passed in 1971 and it came into force from which year ?

Options

  1. (A) 1st April, 1972
  2. (B) 1st April, 1971
  3. (C) 1st April, 1973
  4. (D) 1st April, 1970

Answer

(A) 1st April, 1972

#84 MCQ 1M

Question

In which of the following, induced abortion is not necessary?

Options

  1. (A) There is a substantial risk of the child being born with serious complications
  2. (B) Where the pregnancy is the result of rape
  3. (C) When the foetus is not of the desired sex
  4. (D) Unwanted pregnancy

Answer

(C) When the foetus is not of the desired sex

#85 MCQ 1M

Question

What induces abortion?

Options

  1. (A) Voluntary type abortion
  2. (B) To Voluntarily prevent embryo implantation
  3. (C) A method of voluntary termination of pregnancy before foetus viability
  4. (D) Abortion induced by pills

Answer

(C) A method of voluntary termination of pregnancy before foetus viability

#86 MCQ 1M

Question

How many MTP, (Medical Termination of Pregnancy) are performed worldwide each year?

Options

  1. (A) nearly 35 to 40 million females
  2. (B) nearly 30 to 35 million females
  3. (C) nearly 45 to 50 million females
  4. (D) nearly 50 to 55 million females

Answer

(C) nearly 45 to 50 million females

#87 MCQ 1M

Question

What type of question arises against MTP ?

Options

  1. (A) Emotional and, ethical
  2. (B) Religious and ethical
  3. (C) Emotional, ethical, religious and social
  4. (D) None of above

Answer

(C) Emotional, ethical, religious and social

#88 MCQ 1M

Question

By MTP Act, which two programmes will succeed ?

Options

  1. (A) Control on population growth, birth rate
  2. (B) Control on population growth, death rate
  3. (C) Control of population growth, mother and child health care
  4. (D) Family planning, control of population growth

Answer

(C) Control of population growth, mother and child health care

#89 MCQ 1M

Question

Which programme is indicated by the given statements ?
Statement 1 : Continuous pregnancy is harmful for mother's life.
Statement 2 : There is substantial risk of the child being born with serious abnormalities.
Statement 3 : The pregnancy is the result of rape.
Statement 4 : The pregnancy is unwanted due to failure of contraceptive device.

Options

  1. (A) Family planning
  2. (B) Child health care
  3. (C) Control of population growth
  4. (D) MTP

Answer

(D) MTP

#90 MCQ 1M

Question

Within what period is MTP advisable?

Options

  1. (A) up to 20 weeks or 140 days or four months
  2. (B) up to 10 weeks or 70 days or three months
  3. (C) up to 30 weeks or 210 days or seven and half months.
  4. (D) up to 25 weeks or 175 days or five months.

Answer

(A) up to 20 weeks or 140 days or four months

#91 MCQ 1M

Question

Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is considered safe upto how many weeks of pregnancy?

Options

  1. (A) Eight weeks
  2. (B) Twelve weeks
  3. (C) Eighteen weeks
  4. (D) Six weeks

Answer

(B) Twelve weeks

#92 MCQ 1M

Question

Read the given statement carefully and identify that which two statements are correct for contraceptive methods?
Statement (i) : During the first trimester, MTP is safe.
Statement (ii) : Mother feeds child upto two years, commonly in that period no probability of pregnancy.
Statement (iii) : Copper - T like devices are IUDs
Statement (iv) : For prevention of pregnancy, contraceptive pills should be taken for a week after coitus.
Out of the above given statements which two statements are correct ?

Options

  1. (A) (ii) and (iii)
  2. (B) (iii) and (iv)
  3. (C) (i) and (iii)
  4. (D) (i) and (ii)

Answer

(C) (i) and (iii)

#93 MCQ 1M

Question

When was the Induced Abortion Act passed by the Indian Government?

Options

  1. (A) 1970
  2. (B) 1971
  3. (C) 1972
  4. (D) 1980

Answer

(B) 1971

#94 MCQ 1M

Question

Full Name of PID is _______ .

Options

  1. (A) Pelvic inflammatory Disease
  2. (B) Pelvic Inflammation Disease
  3. (C) Post Inflammatory Disease
  4. (D) None of above

Answer

(A) Pelvic inflammatory Disease

#95 MCQ 1M

Question

World AIDS Day is on _______ .

Options

  1. (A) 11th August
  2. (B) 1st July
  3. (C) 1st December
  4. (D) 1st April

Answer

(C) 1st December

#96 MCQ 1M

Question

Which age group patients is the highest, suffering by STDs?

Options

  1. (A) 15-19
  2. (B) 20-24
  3. (C) 25-29
  4. (D) 30-35

Answer

(B) 20-24

#97 MCQ 1M

Question

Which test can confirm STDs ?

Options

  1. (A) PCR
  2. (B) ELISA
  3. (C) CT SCAN
  4. (D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer

(D) Both (A) and (B)

#98 MCQ 1M

Question

Which microbe is responsible for the spread of gonorrhoea and what are its major symptoms?

Options

  1. (A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae, pain during passing urine, pain in lower abdomen.
  2. (B) Syphilis gonorrhoeae, pain during passing urine, pain in lower abdomen.
  3. (C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae, burning in urethra, headache.
  4. (D) Streptococeus gonorrhoeae, pain during passing urine, pain in lower abdomen.

Answer

(A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae, pain during passing urine, pain in lower abdomen.

#99 MCQ 1M

Question

What are the main symptoms of syphilis and what is the correct name of the vector ?

Options

  1. (A) A painless rush, flu like illness, tiredness, white patches on the tongue or roof of the buccal cavity, patchy hair loss, Treponema pallidium.
  2. (B) A painless rush, tiredness, flu like illness; Treponema pallidium.
  3. (C) White patche on the tongue or roof of the buccal cavity, Treponema valgaris.
  4. (D) Patched hair loss, Treponema streptococcus.

Answer

(A) A painless rush, flu like illness, tiredness, white patches on the tongue or roof of the buccal cavity, patchy hair loss, Treponema pallidium.

#100 MCQ 1M β–¦ 1

Question

Match Column I with II and select the correct answer :

Column I

Column II

P

Gonorrhoea

i

Herpes simplex virus

Q

Syphilis

ii

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

R

Genetical Herpes

iii

Trichomonas vaginalis

S

Trichomoniasis

iv

Treponema pallidium

Options

  1. (A) P – ii, Q – i, R – iii, S – iv
  2. (B) P – iii, Q – iv, R – ii, S – i
  3. (C) P – ii, Q – iii, R – i, S – iv
  4. (D) P – ii, Q – iv, R – i, S – iii

Answer

(D) P – ii, Q – iv, R – i, S – iii

#101 MCQ 1M

Question

Name the pathogen of Hepatitis B and identify its major symptoms.

Options

  1. (A) Hepatitis B virus, fever, joint pain, fatigue loss of appetite, Jaundice, pain in upper right abdomen etc are seen.
  2. (B) Hepatitis B - Virus, uneasiness
  3. (C) Hepatitis B - Virus, only pain in joint.
  4. (D) Hepatitis B Virus, decreases immunity.

Answer

(A) Hepatitis B virus, fever, joint pain, fatigue loss of appetite, Jaundice, pain in upper right abdomen etc are seen.

#102 MCQ 1M

Question

Which symptom is not included in symptoms of AIDS?

Options

  1. (A) Occurrence of various diseases when person loses immunity.
  2. (B) Fever for over months, accidental diarrhea for long duration.
  3. (C) Rapid weight loss, short term memory loss
  4. (D) Loss of immunity in body, uncertain changes in nature, shivering experienced in body.

Answer

(D) Loss of immunity in body, uncertain changes in nature, shivering experienced in body.

#103 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the full form of AIDS ?

Options

  1. (A) Acquired Immuno Defensive Syndrome
  2. (B) Acquired Immuno Defending Syndrome
  3. (C) Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
  4. (D) Acquired Immuno Deficiency System

Answer

(C) Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome

#104 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is an STD ?

Options

  1. (A) Gonorrhoea
  2. (B) Syphilis
  3. (C) Genital Herpes
  4. (D) All of the above

Answer

(D) All of the above

#105 MCQ 1M

Question

Name the pathogen of Trichomoniasis and identity its major symptoms.

Options

  1. (A) Trichomonas vaginalis, soreness, inflammation, itching in and around vagina; pain or a burning sensation while passing urine.
  2. (B) Trichomonas derminalis, soreness, inflammation itching in and around vagina.
  3. (C) Trichomonas vaginalis, soreness, inflammation, itching in and around vagina.
  4. (D) Trichomonas vaginalis, soreness, burning in urine passing.

Answer

(A) Trichomonas vaginalis, soreness, inflammation, itching in and around vagina; pain or a burning sensation while passing urine.

#106 MCQ 1M

Question

Causative agent of Gonorrhoea?

Options

  1. (A) Herpes simplex
  2. (B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  3. (C) Trichomonas vaginalis
  4. (D) Treponema pallidium

Answer

(B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

#107 MCQ 1M

Question

Mark the group of Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

Options

  1. (A) Hepatitis-B, AIDS, haemophilia
  2. (B) AIDS, syphilis, cholera
  3. (C) Trichomoniasis, malaria, HIV
  4. (D) Gonorrhoea, hepatitis-B, chlamydiasis

Answer

(D) Gonorrhoea, hepatitis-B, chlamydiasis

#108 MCQ 1M

Question

What are Sexually Transmitted Diseases?

Options

  1. (A) Diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse
  2. (B) Diseases spread through bacteria
  3. (C) Diseases spread through viruses
  4. (D) Diseases spread through protozoans

Answer

(A) Diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse

#109 MCQ 1M

Question

Which microbes cause Sexually Transmitted Diseases?

Options

  1. (A) Bacteria and virus
  2. (B) Protozoans and Fungi
  3. (C) Nematodes & viroids
  4. (D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer

(D) Both (A) and (B)

#110 MCQ 1M

Question

In GIFT where does fertilization occur?

Options

  1. (A) In female body
  2. (B) In ovary
  3. (C) In uterus
  4. (D) In cervix

Answer

(A) In female body

#111 MCQ 1M

Question

Which of the following is not ART ?

Options

  1. (A) ZIFT
  2. (B) GIFT
  3. (C) IUDs
  4. (D) AI

Answer

(C) IUDs

#112 MCQ 1M β–¦ 1

Question

Match Column I with II and select the Correct Answer.

Column : I

Column : II

P

ZIFT

i

Externally fertilised zygote by sperm and ovun which is transferred in to fallopian tube.

Q

GIFT

ii

Externally fertilised embryo is implanted in uterus.

R

IVF

iii

Donated embryo is implanted in uterus.

S

ART

iv

Gametes are transferred in oviduct / fallopian tube.

Options

  1. (A) P – i, Q – iv, R – ii, S – iii
  2. (B) P – i, Q – ii, R – iv, S – iii
  3. (C) P – iv, Q – i, R – iii, S – ii
  4. (D) P – ii, Q – iii, R – i, S – iv

Answer

(A) P – i, Q – iv, R – ii, S – iii

#113 MCQ 1M

Question

Test tube baby means when baby is born _____

Options

  1. (A) develops from the unfertilised egg/ovum.
  2. (B) it is developed in test tube
  3. (C) it is developed by tissue culture method.
  4. (D) egg cell is fertilised externally then transplant in uterus.

Answer

(D) egg cell is fertilised externally then transplant in uterus.

#114 MCQ 1M

Question

Which human females are advised for GIFT method?

Options

  1. (A) Who cannot produce egg cell / ovum.
  2. (B) Who cannot maintain foetus / embryo in uterus.
  3. (C) Whose cervix portion in narrower, thus sperms cannot pass through it.
  4. (D) Who cannot provide specific atmosphere for fertilization.

Answer

(A) Who cannot produce egg cell / ovum.

#115 MCQ 1M

Question

What is infertility?

Options

  1. (A) Loss of capacity of embryo implantation in female and pregnancy.
  2. (B) Loss of egg formation in female and transport capacity.
  3. (C) Loss of sperm capacity by male and very less production of sperms.
  4. (D) All of the above.

Answer

(D) All of the above.

#116 MCQ 1M

Question

When AFT (Amniotic Fluid Techniques) or Amniocentesis can be applied?

Options

  1. (A) After the birth of baby
  2. (B) Before the birth of baby
  3. (C) At the time of baby birth
  4. (D) At the time of implantation

Answer

(B) Before the birth of baby

#117 MCQ 1M

Question

For the clinical diagnosis, from where is amniotic fluid taken?

Options

  1. (A) From amniotic sac
  2. (B) From cytoplasm of cells
  3. (C) From cells of chorionic layer
  4. (D) From the somatic cells

Answer

(A) From amniotic sac

#118 MCQ 1M

Question

Why is AFT applied?

Options

  1. (A) For the examination of disorders of chromosomal study
  2. (B) For the examination of sex
  3. (C) To examine abnormality of chromosomes and sex
  4. (D) To examine abnormality of chromosomes or sex

Answer

(D) To examine abnormality of chromosomes or sex

#119 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the full form of ART?

Options

  1. (A) Aquerate Reproductive Technique
  2. (B) Acalte Reproductive Technique
  3. (C) Accessory Reproductive Technique
  4. (D) Artificial Reproductive Technique

Answer

(D) Artificial Reproductive Technique

#120 MCQ 1M

Question

What is the full form of IVF?

Options

  1. (A) Internal Vaccine Fertilization
  2. (B) Internal Veins Fertilization
  3. (C) Intra Vems Fertilization
  4. (D) In Vitro Fertilization

Answer

(D) In Vitro Fertilization

#121 MCQ 1M

Question

When is IVF applied?

Options

  1. (A) Failure of oviduct function
  2. (B) No formation of egg cell
  3. (C) Low sperm count
  4. (D) Absence of gonad

Answer

(C) Low sperm count

#122 MCQ 1M

Question

What is full form of ZIFT?

Options

  1. (A) Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
  2. (B) Zoospore Intra Fallopian Transfer
  3. (C) Zoosperm, Intra Fallopian Transfer
  4. (D) Zygote Internal Fallopian Tube Transfer

Answer

(A) Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer

#123 MCQ 1M

Question

Where does fertilization occur in ZIFT and where is embryo implanted?

Options

  1. (A) In uterus, in oviduct
  2. (B) In laboratory, in uterus
  3. (C) In laboratory, in oviduct
  4. (D) In oviduct, in laboratory

Answer

(C) In laboratory, in oviduct

#124 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Saheli is taken once a week.
Reason : Use of Saheli sometimes, produces side effect.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(C) A is correct, but R is wrong.

#125 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Pills are taken as contraceptives orally.
Reason : It contains progesterone and estrogen combination.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#126 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Copper - T is included in second generation IUDs.
Reason : Copper has acute antifertility effects.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#127 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Couples should avoid coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle.
Reason : During the menstrual cycle from 10 to 17 days, possibility of fertilization is more.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#128 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : In our country abortion is illegal.
Reason : It can be done during first 12 weeks to avoid any complications.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#129 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : After the pregnancy MTP can be done during 24 to 30 weeks.
Reason : MTP is necessary when it is a
result of rape.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

#130 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Periodic abstinence is one such method in which the couples avoid or abstain coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle.
Reason : Ovulation could be expected at the 14th day in female.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#131 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Copper releasing IUDs are included in second generation IUDs.
Reason : Copper shows great antifertility.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#132 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Contraceptive pills are taken orally.
Reason : It contains progesterone - estrogen combination.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#133 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : STDs occurs due to bacteria, virus, protozoa and fungi.
Reason : STDs are reported to be very high among persons in the age group of 25 to 29.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(C) A is correct, but R is wrong.

#134 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : CuT, Cu7 and multiload 375 are copper releasing IUDs.
Reason : LNG-20 is a hormonal IUDs.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#135 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Amniocentesis is also known as AFT.
Reason : This method can also determine the sex of foetus.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#136 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : In GIFT method, fertilization takes place within the female body.
Reason : In this method, eggs are transferred into the oviduct of female.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#137 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum.
Reason : In tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#138 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : A rapid decline in MMR and IMR leads to population growth.
Reason : MMR and IMR reduction shows decline in the death rate of mother and Infant respectively.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#139 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : MTP is legalised in 1971.
Reason : MTP is safe during first trimester.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#140 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : 'Saheli' is a non-steroidal drug.
Reason : 'Saheli' is taken daily as
contraceptive pill.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(C) A is correct, but R is wrong.

#141 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Periodic abstinence is a contraceptive method without any side effect.
Reason : Periodic abstinence is a natural contraceptive method.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#142 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Gonorrhoea, syphilis and AIDS etc are STDs.
Reason : STDs are very common in the age group of 15-24 years.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#143 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : ZIFT is an In Vitro Fertilization method.
Reason : Fertilization is carried out in laboratory in ZIFT.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.

#144 MCQ 1M

Question

Assertion : Condoms are made up of thin rubber.
Reason : It is available for both male and female.

Options

  1. (A) A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
  2. (B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.
  3. (C) A is correct, but R is wrong.
  4. (D) A is wrong, but R is correct.

Answer

(B) A and R both are correct, but R is not correct explanation of A.

#145 MCQ 1M

Question

The following diagram is implant ______ as a contraceptive device in female.

Options

  1. (A) In Vagina
  2. (B) In Uterus
  3. (C) Under the skin
  4. (D) In Oviduct

Answer

(C) Under the skin

#146 MCQ 1M

Question

The following diagram represents ________ contraceptive methods.

Options

  1. (A) Chemical
  2. (B) Intra uterine devices
  3. (C) Physical
  4. (D) Hormonal

Answer

(C) Physical

#147 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

What is represented by given diagram ?
Fallopian tubes tied and cut

Options

  1. (A) Tubectomy
  2. (B) Vasectomy
  3. (C) Ovarian cancer
  4. (D) Uterine cancer

Answer

(A) Tubectomy

#148 MCQ 1M

Question

Identify the given diagram.

Options

  1. (A) Female sterilisation
  2. (B) Male sterilisation
  3. (C) Male condom
  4. (D) None of the above

Answer

(B) Male sterilisation

#149 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Identify the given diagram.

Options

  1. (A) Female condom
  2. (B) Loop
  3. (C) Cervical cap
  4. (D) Male condom

Answer

(D) Male condom

#150 MCQ 1M

Question

The given diagram shows _________ .

Options

  1. (A) First level IUD
  2. (B) Second level IUD
  3. (C) Third level IUD
  4. (D) All of the above

Answer

(B) Second level IUD

#151 MCQ 1M

Question

What is shown by given image?

Options

  1. (A) Pills
  2. (B) IUDs
  3. (C) Implants
  4. (D) Multiload 375

Answer

(C) Implants

#152 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Choose the correct option for following diagram.
(i) It is made of thin rubber
(ii) Inhibits physical contact of sperms with ovum
(iii) Reversibility is possible

Options

  1. (A) (i) and (ii) both are true
  2. (B) (i) and (iii) both are true
  3. (C) (ii) and (iii) both are true
  4. (D) All of three are true

Answer

(A) (i) and (ii) both are true

#153 MCQ 1M

Question

Identify the given diagram.

Options

  1. (A) Male condom
  2. (B) Cervical cap
  3. (C) Vaults
  4. (D) Female condom

Answer

(D) Female condom

#154 MCQ 1M

Question

Choose the correct statement for given diagram.
(i) Progesterone alone or in combination with estrogen containing IUDs.
(ii) Implant under the skin
(iii) Their effective period is much longer

Options

  1. (A) (i) and (ii) true
  2. (B) (i) and (iii) true
  3. (C) (ii) and (iii) true
  4. (D) All of three are true

Answer

(D) All of three are true

#155 MCQ 1M

Question

The following diagram is of ________ .

Options

  1. (A) Cu 7
  2. (B) Multiload 375
  3. (C) LNG-20
  4. (D) Copper-T

Answer

(D) Copper-T

#156 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Which of the following figure shows vasectomy :

Options

  1. (A) A only
  2. (B) B only
  3. (C) Both (A) and (B)
  4. (D) None of these

Answer

(B) B only

#157 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Choose the correct option for given diagram.
(i) Vasectomy
(ii) A small part of the vas deferens is
removed and tied
(iii) Inhibits spermatogenesis

Options

  1. (A) (i) and (ii) true
  2. (B) (i) and (iii) true
  3. (C) (ii) and (iii) true
  4. (D) All of three are true

Answer

(A) (i) and (ii) true

#158 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Choose the correct option for given diagram.
(i) Shows tubectomy
(ii) Prevents Oogenesis
(iii) Permanent sterilisation which has very
poor reversibility

Options

  1. (A) (i) and (ii) true
  2. (B) (i) and (iii) true
  3. (C) (ii) and (iii) ture
  4. (D) All of three are true

Answer

(B) (i) and (iii) true

#159 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Identify figure B from the given diagrams.

Options

  1. (A) Female condom
  2. (B) Male condom
  3. (C) Diaphragm
  4. (D) Sterilization

Answer

(A) Female condom

#160 MCQ 1M πŸ–Ό 1

Question

Given diagram represents
(A)

Options

  1. (A) Tubectomy
  2. (B) Vasectomy
  3. (C) Sterilization in Male
  4. (D) Both (B) and (C)

Answer

(D) Both (B) and (C)

#161 MCQ 1M

Question

Given diagram is of

Options

  1. (A) Cu 7
  2. (B) Multiload 375
  3. (C) LNG 20
  4. (D) Lippes loop

Answer

(A) Cu 7

S type: 1 Q – Export ZIP
#1 CS

Question

Natural methods of contraception work on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting. Periodic abstinence is one such method in which the couples avoid or abstain coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle, when ovulation could be expected. As chances of fertilization are very high during this period, it is called the fertile period. Therefore, by abstaining from coitus during this period, conception could be prevented. Withdrawal or coitus interruptus is another method in which the male partner withdraws his penis from the vagina just before ejaculation, so as to avoid insemination. Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) method is based on the fact that these is no ovulation and therefore, the cycle do not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition. Therefore, as long as the mother breast-feeds the child fully, chances of conception are almost nil. However, this method has been reported to be effective only upto a maximum period of six months following parturition.
(i) Which time duration has higher possibility of fertilization in periodic abstinence?
(ii) Upto how many months, lactation amenorrhea is safe as a contraceptive method?
(iii) Which of the following is a natural contraceptive method?
(a) Periodic abstinence
(b) Lactation amenorrhea
(c) Coitus interruptus
(d) All of the above
(iv) Mention the success ratio and side effects of natural contraceptives.
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Statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex determination to legally check increasing chances of female foeticides, massive child immunisation, etc., are some programmes that merit mention in this connection. In amniocentesis, some of the amniotic fluid of the developing foetus is taken to analyse the fetal cells and dissolved substances. This procedure is used to test for the presence of certain genetic disorders such as, down syndrome, haemophilia, sickle-cell anemia, etc., determine the survivability of the foetus.
(i) What is the use of amniocentesis?
(ii) How misuse of amniocentesis is done?
(iii) How is amniocentesis useful in study of diseases?
(iv) Give name of the diseases from the following which can be diagnosed using amniocentesis.Sickle cell anaemia, Klinefelter syndrome, pneumonia, haemophilia, Turner’s syndrome.
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Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called Medical Termination of pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion. Nearly 45 to 50 million MTPs are performed in a year all over the world which accounts for 1/5th of the total number of conceived pregnancies in a year. Whether to accept / legalise MTP or not is being debated upon in many countries due to emotional, ethical, religious and social issues involved in it. Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse. Such restrictions are revised in 2017 to check indiscriminate and illegal female foeticides which are reported to be prevalent in India. MTPs are considered relatively safe during the first trimester, i.e., up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Second trimester abortions are much riskier. Unintended pregnancy occurs due to unprotected intercourse or failure of contraceptives used during intercourse or rape. MTP is also required for special cases such as continued pregnancies that are harmful or fatal to the mother or child or both.
(i) In which year was the MTP Act implemented?
(ii) When is MTP considered safe and unsafe?
(iii) Approximately how many MTPs are done worldwide in a year?
(iv) In what cases MTP can be done?
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Infections or diseases that are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) or Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) or Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs). Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Genital Herpes, Chlamydias, Genital Warts, Trichomoniasis, Hepatitis-B and of course, the most talked about HIV infection in recent years which results in AIDS. These are all some of the common STIs. Among these, HIV infection is the most dangerous. Diseases other than hepatitis-B, genital herpes and HIV infection are completely curable if diagnosed early and treated appropriately. The risk of STIs is higher among people in the age group of 15-24 years.
(i) STIs are known by what other names?
(ii) Give one example of STDs caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites.
(iii) Which Sexually Transmitted Diseases are not completely curable?
(iv) Name the organisms responsible for hepatitis-B, AIDS and genital herpes.
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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a method related to Embryo Transfer (ET). This method is popularly known as the test tube baby program, in which the ovum of the wife/donor (female) and the sperm of the husband/donor (male) are collected and the formation of the zygote is induced under simulated conditions in the laboratory. The Zygote or early embryo (containing up to 8 blastomere cells) is then transferred into the fallopian tube (Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer - ZIFT) and embryos with more than 8 blastomere cells are transferred to the uterus to complete further development (Intra Uterine Transfer- IUT).
(i) What is In Vitro Fertilization?
(ii) By which method is the embryo/early embryo transferred to the fallopian tube?
(iii) Name the In Vitro Fertilization method.
(iv) What is test tube baby program?
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The world population which was around 2 billion (2000 million) in 1900 rocketed to about 6 billion by 2000 and 7.2 billion in 2011. A similar trend was observed in India too. Our population which was approximately 350 million at the time of our independence reached close to the billion mark by 2000 and crossed 1.2 billion in May 2011. A rapid decline in death rate, maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) as well as an increase in number of people in reproducible age are probable reasons for this. Through our Reproductive Child Health (RCH) programme, though we could bring down the population growth rate, it was only marginal. According to the 2011 census report. the population growth rate was less than 2 per cent, i.e., 20/1000/year. a rate at which our population could increase rapidly. Such an alarming growth rate could lead to an absolute scarcity of even the basic requirments, i.e., food, shelter and clothing, in spite of significant progress made in those areas. Therefore, the government was forced to take up serious measures to chek this population growth.
(i) What are the probable reasons for increasing population from the time of independence to year 2011 ?
(a) Decrease in maternal mortality rate (MMR)
(b) Decrease in infant mortality rate (IMR)
(c) Incrase in the reproductive age people.
(d) All of the above
(ii) According to the 2011 census report, the population growth rate was less than ______.
(a) 1% (b) 2%
(c) 3% (d) 4%
(iii) What was the population of India at the time of independence ?
(a) 100 Crore (b) 120 Crore
(c) 35 Crore (d) 65 Crore
(iv) How many times did the population increase from year 1900 to 2000 ?
(a) Two times
(b) Three times
(c) Four times
(d) five times
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Indian was amongst the first countries in the world to initiate action plans and programmes at a national level to attain total reproductive health as a social goal. These programmes were called 'family planning' were initiated in 1951 and were periodically assessed over the past decades. Improved programmes covering wider reproduction-related areas are currently in operation under the popular name 'Reproductive and Child Health Care (RCH) programmes.' Creating awareness among people about various reproduction related aspects and providing facilities and support for building up a reproductively healthy society are the major tasks under these programmes.
(i) When did India initiated 'family planning' programmes?
(a) 1947 (b) 1951
(c) 1961 (d) 1977
(ii) What is the main goal of RCH programme ?
(a) To promotes population increase
(b) Give services regarding reproductive and child health care.
(c) To attract foreign population
(d) Give extra care to the high income class.
(iii) Why does population explosion cause problems for India ?
(a) Production increases in business
(b) Creates pressure on natural resources
(c) Decrease in foreign business
(d) Decrease in the demand of medical services.
(iv) When did the concern about population growth in India mainly arise ?
(a) When the population crossed 40 crores
(b) When the population crossed 90 crores
(c) When the population crossed 100 crore (1 billion)
(d) When the population crossed 120 crores.

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