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The idea that disorders are inherited has been prevailing in the human society since long. This was based on the heritability of certain characteristic features in families. After the rediscovery of Mendel's work the practice of analysing inheritance pattern of traits in human beings began. Since it is evident that control crosses that can be performed in pea plant or some other organisms, are not possible in case of human beings, study of the family history about inheritance of particular trait provides an alternative. Such an analysis of traits in a several of generations of a family is called the pedigree analysis. In the pedigree analysis the inheritance of a particular trait is represented in the family tree over generations.
(i) The given symbol represents ________ for pedigree analysis. (a) Affected individuals (b) Mating (c) Mating between relatives (consanguineous mating) (d) Parents above and children below (in order of birth - left to right)(ii) What is the method of analysis of a single trait in a human family for many generations called ? (a) DNA fingerprinting (b) Gene mapping (c) Pedigree analysis (d) Gene therapy(iii) In which form, the analysis of traits are done in pedigree analysis ? (a) As a family tree (b) As a Punnett square (c) As a bar graph (d) Only as a mathematical equation(iv) Which is the only option useful for understanding the heritability of a specific trait in humans ? (a) DNA test of every person (b) To create new organisms in the laboratory (c) Studying the history of the family. (d) To imitate Mendel's pea experiments.

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