Transfer of pollen grains: Transfer of pollen grains (shed from the anther) to the stigma of a pistil is termed pollination. Pollen are non motile structure which are transferred by pollinating agents. There are three types of pollination seen, Autogamy, Geitonogamy and Xenogamy. Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower. Geitonogamy is one type of self pollination but transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another female flower of the same plant.

Pollinating agents can be biotic or abiotic, biotic pollinating agents. Bees, butterflies, flies, beetles, wasps, ants, moths, sunbirds, humming birds, bats, gecko lizard are the common pollinating agents. Among the animals, insects, particularly bees are the dominant biotic pollinating agents. Water and wind are abiotic pollinating agents. Pollination by wind is more common amongst abiotic pollinations. Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 30 genera.